Command Line Basics

Summet 2014

About Me

Name:

Josh Beauregard

Work:

Knectar

Title:

Drupal Orented DevOps

Twitter:

sanguisdev

IRC:

sanguisdex

What is the Terminal?

Unix Philosophy

"Write programs that do one thing and do it well. Write programs to work together. Write programs to handle text streams, because that is a universal interface." - Doug McIlroy

The Basics

The Basics

Getting help

The Basics

Getting help

Read the manual

man (manual)

example: man man

The Basics

Flags

options that can be run with a command.

The Basics

Flags

-fdacds

--location --name

-x true -v fales --dir foobar

The Basics

Operators

      ~    home
      /    root
      .    Current directory
      ..   Parent directory
      

The Basics

Movement

cd (change directory)

Defaults to home

CRUDing

Create
Read
Update
Delete

cRud

Reading the file system

ls, list

Defaults to current directory

ls, list

sample output

authorize.php      install.php         robots.txt
CHANGELOG.txt      INSTALL.sqlite.txt  scripts
COPYRIGHT.txt      INSTALL.txt         sites
cron.php           LICENSE.txt         themes
includes           MAINTAINERS.txt     update.php
index.html         misc                UPGRADE.txt
index.php          modules             web.config
INSTALL.mysql.txt  profiles            xmlrpc.php
INSTALL.pgsql.txt  README.txt              
      

ls

-l, Long format

Use a long listing format

total 244
drwxr-xr-x  3 knectar knectar 4096 Jan  4  2013 cache
drwxr-xr-x  3 knectar knectar 4096 Nov 13  2012 entry
drwxr-xr-x  3 knectar knectar 4096 Nov 13  2012 includes
-rw-r--r--  1 knectar knectar 3259 Jan  4  2013 index.php
drwxr-xr-x  4 knectar knectar 4096 Nov 13  2012 misc
drwxr-xr-x 15 knectar knectar 4096 Nov 13  2012 modules
-rw-r--r--  1 knectar knectar  720 Nov 13  2012 robots.txt
drwxr-xr-x  5 knectar knectar 4096 Nov 13  2012 sites
drwxr-xr-x  4 knectar knectar 4096 Nov 13  2012 themes
      

ls, list

-l, Long format

total 244
-rw-r--r--  1 knectar knectar 3259 Jan  4  2013 index.php

ls, list

-a, --all

Do not ignore entries starting with .

ls, list

-a, --all

.               index.php           profiles
..             INSTALL.mysql.txt   README.txt
             INSTALL.mysql.txt   README.txt
authorize.php  INSTALL.pgsql.txt   robots.txt
CHANGELOG.txt  install.php         scripts
COPYRIGHT.txt  INSTALL.sqlite.txt  sites
cron.php       INSTALL.txt         themes
.gitignore     LICENSE.txt         update.php
.htaccess      MAINTAINERS.txt     UPGRADE.txt
includes       misc                web.config
index.html     modules             xmlrpc.php
        

What does a dot have to do with anything?

.Dot .files

Dot files are hidden files on a Unix file system.

• generally settings files
• or application data
• Works like the Windows registry.

cRud

Reading files

more or less

Crud

Creating Things

mkdir

Creating directories

mkdir foo

mkdir --help

Usage: mkdir [OPTION]... DIRECTORY...
Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -m, --mode=MODE   set file mode (as in chmod), not a=rwx - umask
  -p, --parents     no error if existing, make parent directories as needed
  -v, --verbose     print a message for each created directory
  -Z, --context=CTX  set the SELinux security context of each created
                      directory to CTX
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit
        

Crud

touch

mkdir foobar_file

crUd

Editing/updating

crUd

mv, move

(used for moving files and folders another location. Commonly used for renaming a folder)

crUd

mv, move

cp foo.txt ~/Documents/bar.txt

Updating files

&

Using (basics)

Normal mode

http://www.viemu.com/vi-vim-cheat-sheet.gif

Insert modes

Visual mode

(the most of the movement and edit functions will work well but I want to mention Y for yank and D for delete, but it will also serve as a Cut function. You can P to paste the deleted or yanked string.)

common commands

• `:w` write file
• `:q` quit
• :help

Basics

cruD

Deleting Things

rm, remove

cruD

rm , remove

all you need to delete everything.

cruD

rm, remove

-f, --force

rm -f file (

cruD

rm, remove

-d, --dir

rm -d directory

cruD

rm, remove

-r, -R, --recursive

rm -rf ../../foo*

Shell flavors

• history
• auto completion
• custom settings

Shell flavors

By default almost every one will be using a shell called BASH.

The Trending shell today is Zshell.

Shell Customazation, uing .rc files

$EDITOR=vim
export PATH="$HOME/.composer/vendor/bin:$PATH"
alias vhost="sudo ~/bin/vhost"
alias vi="gvim --servername GVIM"

##############
## Bash prompt
function parse_git_branch {
  git branch --no-color  2> /dev/null | sed -e '/^[^*]/d' -e 's/* \(.*\)/(\1)/'
}

function proml {
    local BLUE="\[\033[0;34m\]"
    local RED="\[\033[0;31m\]"
    local LIGHT_RED="\[\033[1;31m\]"
    local GREEN="\[\033[0;32m\]"
    local LIGHT_GREEN="\[\033[1;32m\]"
    local WHITE="\[\033[1;37m\]"
    local LIGHT_GRAY="\[\033[0;37m\]"
    case $TERM in
    xterm*)
    TITLEBAR=''
    ;;
  *)
  TITLEBAR=""
  ;;
  esac

  PS1="${TITLEBAR}\
  $BLUE[\w$GREEN\$(parse_git_branch)$BLUE]\
  $GREEN\$ "
  PS2='> '
  PS4='+ '
 }
 proml
      

Contact Me

Name:

Josh Beauregard

Work:

Knectar

Twitter:

sanguisdev

IRC:

sanguisdex

The Slides